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Improving Early Childhood Development Outcomes in Times of COVID-19: Experimental Evidence on Parental Networks and SMS Messages
SDGs Impacted

School closures because of the COVID-19 pandemic forced education worldwide to shift from classroom - based instruction to entirely remote learning strategies, in which education occurs in the student ’s home. Educating very young students poses an additional challenge, as they require active support from their parents to access and use distance education resources. Preschool students in low - income households may be particularly adversely affected by school closures because their parents often have fewer resources and skills and face greater economic and psychological impact s from the pandemic. This paper describes the impacts of a policy experiment implemented in Costa Rica to increase learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to the pandemic, Costa Rica closed schools in March 2020. Together with the Ministry of Public Education of Costa Rica, we designed and implemented a text message program to support preschool students’ learning at home. The program targeted parents of four and five years old preschool students from public schools across the country. The text messages were designed to increase parental engagement with their children’s education by providing simple learning activities and encouraging parents to use the national distance education program.

Impact / Outcome
There was an increase in parent involvement through the proposed activities from the text messaging campaign. The short-term impacts are compelling, taking in account especially given that intervention lasted just 15 weeks. Demand for the intervention was high, with 94 percent of parents in the treatment group declaring their interest in continuing with the program. Parents in the treatment group also reported greater interest in the national distance program continuing the following year. This result suggests that the text message campaign changed parents’ perceptions about the national education policy. This result is to some extent expected, as parents recall the program as part of the Ministry of Education’s activities.
Funding sources
Public/Private
Key Metrics
Parental involvement in child education; Average deviation of children’s cognitive skills after the program
Sector
Education
Intervention lever
Policy
Operating model
Public-private partnership
Target population
Children
Year published
01 January 2022

The EDISON Alliance

A World Economic Forum Initiative