This paper reviews current initiatives taking place in India to promote access to higher education through distance education, online learning platforms, and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The number of internet users in India has reached 462 million (with a penetration rate of 35% of the total population), and it currently represents the second largest national group enrolled in MOOCs after the USA. In this context, the Government of India is striving hard to leverage the potential of the higher education sector to reach more students and to build a knowledge-based society through a more intensive and optimized use of technology.