Future of Space Community

National Space Strategy Toolkit 

Use Case Library

This is page is a use case library of the National Space Strategy Toolkit. Please refer to the Toolkit page for more information.

The Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) of Thailand established the Space Technology Research Centre (S-TREC) to promote space innovation through research and development in technologies related to areas such as space safety and security and aerospace and spacecraft.Prerequisites: • Institutional & political interest and support for space science• International and national partnerships and network with other space agencies, research and educational institutions• Sustained multi-year funding• Technical Infrastructure  (servers and storage, network, labs, data centres etc. - depends on area of interest)• Technical expertise for space science R&DCost: Small-scale centre • Ballpark: Small-scale centre USD 1M–5M + USD 0.5M–1M/yr• Includes: modest lab facilities, basic computing and data storage, small research teams, university partnerships, scholarships and training, outreach activitiesMedium-scale centre • Ballpark: USD 10M–50M + USD 1M–5M/yr• Includes: larger labs and test facilities, advanced computing and data management systems, national research staff, formal international partnerships, postgraduate training programmes, satellite data processingFlagship-scale centre • Ballpark: USD 100M–200M + USD 5M–10M/yr• Includes: large-scale R&D campus with multiple labs and habitats, advanced simulation/test infrastructure, international research collaborations, significant workforce recruitment and training, outreach and innovation hubsTimeframe: Small-scale• Overall 24–48 mo• Phase: feasibility & partnerships (6–12 mo), facility setup & equipment procurement (12–18 mo), staffing & operations start (6–12 mo)Medium-scale• Overall 36–72 mo• Phase: feasibility & design (6–12 mo), construction & procurement (18–36 mo), staffing, training & integration (12–24 mo)Flagship-scale• Overall 60–120 mo• Phase: feasibility & master planning (12–24 mo), large-scale construction & procurement (24–48 mo), phased staffing & operationalisation (24–48 mo)Pros: • Technological Competitiveness – Promotes the development of new technologies, enhancing national and international market competitiveness.• Workforce Development – Supports the training and development of the next generation of space scientists and engineers.• Technology Exchange – Increases opportunities for joint projects and knowledge transfer through cooperation with international space agencies.Considerations:• High Infrastructure and Research Costs – Establishing large-scale infrastructure and conducting research activities require substantial and sustained funding.• Delayed R&D Returns – Involves long timelines for research and development outcomes to materialize, making it difficult to demonstrate short-term benefits.
Thailand
Establish a space research centre - Thailand
The Indian Space Science Data Centre (ISSDC) is the primary data centre for payload data archiving for Indian space science missions. This data centre is responsible for capturing, processing, archiving, and distributing payload data and associated ancillary data from space science missions such as Chandrayaan-1, Mars Explorer, and Astrosat.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for space science• International and national partnerships and network with other space agencies, research and educational institutions• Sustained multi-year funding• Technical Infrastructure  (servers and storage, network, labs, data centres etc. - depends on area of interest)• Technical expertise for space science R&DCost: Small-scale centre • Ballpark: USD 1M–5M + USD 0.5M–1M/yr• Includes: modest lab facilities, basic computing and data storage, small research teams, university partnerships, scholarships and training, outreach activitiesMedium-scale centre • Ballpark: USD 10M–50M + USD 1M–5M/yr• Includes: larger labs and test facilities, advanced computing and data management systems, national research staff, formal international partnerships, postgraduate training programmes, satellite data processingFlagship-scale centre • Ballpark: USD 100M–200M + USD 5M–10M/yr• Includes: large-scale R&D campus with multiple labs and habitats, advanced simulation/test infrastructure, international research collaborations, significant workforce recruitment and training, outreach and innovation hubsUSD 1–5M setup + USD 1–10M/yr operations• Includes: Org design & staffing (10–50 FTE)• Includes: Facilities, IT, basic lab/test gear• Includes: Initial programs & grants• Includes: Legal counsel & outreachTimeframe: Small-scale• Overall 24–48 mo• Phase: feasibility & partnerships (6–12 mo), facility setup & equipment procurement (12–18 mo), staffing & operations start (6–12 mo)Medium-scale• Overall 36–72 mo• Phase: feasibility & design (6–12 mo), construction & procurement (18–36 mo), staffing, training & integration (12–24 mo)Flagship-scale• Overall 60–120 mo• Phase: feasibility & master planning (12–24 mo), large-scale construction & procurement (24–48 mo), phased staffing & operationalisation (24–48 mo)Pros:• Technological Competitiveness – Promotes the development of new technologies, enhancing national and international market competitiveness.• Workforce Development – Supports the training and development of the next generation of space scientists and engineers.• Technology Exchange – Increases opportunities for joint projects and knowledge transfer through cooperation with international space agencies.Considerations: • High Infrastructure and Research Costs – Establishing large-scale infrastructure and conducting research activities require substantial and sustained funding.• Delayed R&D Returns – Involves long timelines for research and development outcomes to materialize, making it difficult to demonstrate short-term benefits.
India
Establish a space research centre - India
There are several notable conferences related to Space Science Research (list not exhaustive), of which some take place at the same location annually (to be aware for attendance) and some that accept bids for hosting them (option to apply to be the host, where geographically relevant):• International Space Station Research and Development Conference https://issconference.org/• International Astronautical Congress (IAC)　https://www.iafastro.org/events/iac/• Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) https://cosparhq.cnes.fr/• International Astronomical Union (IAU) https://www.iau.org/Prerequisites: • Identify topics and attendees relevant to your priorities• Ensure availability of relevant stakeholders• Lead agency & budget• Procurement pathway• Partner support as neededCost: Cost for participation • Ballpark: Free - USD 10K for 1 person per conference (varies widely)• Includes: Travel & participation fee (some conferences can be free or allow virtual participation)Cost for hosting• Ballpark: USD150-600K (program setup; varies widely)• Includes: scoping & design, venue, AV and logistics, speaker travel and accommodation, communications and outreach, post-event reportingTimeframe: Timeframe for participation• Overall: 3-6 months • Phase：Planning period (3–6 mo, prior to the event), Conference participation(around 1 week per event)Timeframe for hosting• Overall: 6–12 mo• Phase: Scoping (1–2 mo), Consultation (2–4 mo), Drafting (2–4 mo), Validation (1–2 mo)Pros: • Global Visibility and Influence - Puts the host nation on the map as a serious player in the space science community• Capacity Building - Creates training and exposure opportunities for local scientists, students, and engineers• Knowledge and Technology Transfer - Enables technology and knowledge transfer through workshops, side events, and collaborations• Economic Benefits - Attracts hundreds of international delegates, generating revenue for hospitality, transport, and tourism sectors• Regional Leadership - Positions the host nation as a leader in their region for space cooperation.• Networking & Collaboration - Builds long-term relationships with space agencies, commercial players, and academic institutions.• Future Collaboration Opportunities - Encourages future joint projects or satellite missions.Considerations: • Incurring Upfront Costs - Incurs upfront costs for venue, logistics, security, translation services, and VIP travel support.• Operational Complexity - Requires a skilled organizing committee and coordination across multiple stakeholders (government, academia, private sector).• Logistical Complexity - Demands time-intensive management of visas, customs for equipment, and travel logistics for international delegates.• Risk of Low Return - Fails to justify the investment if not well-promoted or if participation is low.• Unrealized Partnership Risk - Does not guarantee long-term partnerships unless followed up with concrete initiatives.• Infrastructure Demands - Needs reliable internet, conference technology, media coverage, and potentially secure facilities for classified discussions.
Attend and organise international space science workshops
Since 2011, the German Aerospace Centre (DLR) has hosted the DLR Summer School on Space Propulsion, a ten-day seminar for university students interested in aerospace technology. DLR also offers internships, thesis projects, and doctoral positions across its institutes. Doctoral candidates benefit from the DLR Graduate Program, which builds key skills in research, communication, and career development.
Germany
Support capacity building through training and hands-on experimentation - Germany
The development and inauguration of the Alcântara Launch Centre, led by the newly established state-owned enterprise Alada under the oversight of the Brazilian Ministry of Defence, enables Brazilian access to national and international markets for space vehicle launches.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for access to space• Technical and engineering capabilities for operation of launchsite• Ground infrastructure (engine test stands, labs, propellant facilities, AIT facilities, clean rooms, etc.)• Suitable space for launches, ideally a coastal or desert location with clear range over uninhabited areas and testing and range facilities (or agreements to use partner facilities)• Clear regulatory framework for launch licensing, safety, and liability• Export-control compliance, insurance, and mission assurance processes• Partnerships with experienced launch providers • Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost:Basic adaptation of existing facilities for small launchers• Ballpark: USD 50M–200M + OPEX USD 5M–10M/yr • Includes: site surveys and environmental studies, upgrading existing airstrips/coastal facilities for launch pads, ground support equipment, basic range safety systems, integration facilities, licensing and regulation setupFull-scale new spaceport for multiple vehicle classes• Ballpark: USD 200M–1B + OPEX USD 10M–50M/yr • Includes: site acquisition and civil works, construction of launch pads and integration hangars, propellant storage and handling systems, mission control centres, range safety and tracking systems, ground transport/logistics, environmental and community programmes, long-term international partnershipsIn the use case illustrated, the construction of the Alcântara Launch Centre (CLA) in Brazil, which began in 1982, involved an initial investment exceeding USD 470M. In the use case, Brazil invested approximately USD 300M in the Alcântara Cyclone Space (ACS) project—a joint venture with Ukraine—before the program was cancelled in 2015 due to commercial viability concerns. Recent plans for infrastructure enhancements at the Alcântara Launch Centre, including the construction of a port terminal, are projected to cost up to USD 1.96B.Timeframe: Basic facility adaptation• Overall 36–72 mo• Phase: feasibility & site studies (6–12 mo), regulatory and partnership agreements (6–12 mo), construction/upgrades (18–36 mo), commissioning & first launches (6–12 mo)Full-scale new spaceport• Overall 72–144 mo• Phase: feasibility & master planning (12–24 mo), international partnerships & financing (12–24 mo), major construction (36–60 mo), commissioning & operations (12–24 mo)Pros:• Strategic Location - Proximity to the equator or other advantageous geographic features can enable more efficient launch trajectories, particularly for missions targeting geostationary orbits.• Economic Potential - Launch site development and operations can drive regional economic growth, generate employment, and contribute to a nation's positioning in the global space economy.• International Collaboration - Bilateral and multilateral agreements can facilitate partnerships with international aerospace stakeholders, fostering technology transfer, investment, and capacity building.Considerations:• Social Impact Considerations - The development of space infrastructure can affect local communities, including issues related to land use, displacement, and the need for inclusive stakeholder engagement.• Financial Sustainability - High capital and operational costs, along with historical project delays or cancellations, can pose challenges to long-term viability and investor confidence.• Safety and Risk Management - The inherent risk of launch operations underscores the importance of robust safety protocols, infrastructure resilience, and emergency preparedness.
Brazil
Develop a spaceport by taking advantage of potential geographical advantages - Brazil
Nigeria's National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) has proposed the construction of a spaceport to the President. They seek high-level engagement with state governments to secure equatorial land, crucial for efficient orbital launches. Launching near the equator can save millions per launch. NASRDA is negotiating a partnership with a foreign company for sea and land-based launches.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for access to space• Technical and engineering capabilities for operation of launchsite• Ground infrastructure (engine test stands, labs, propellant facilities, AIT facilities, clean rooms, etc.)• Suitable space for launches, ideally a coastal or desert location with clear range over uninhabited areas and testing and range facilities (or agreements to use partner facilities)• Clear regulatory framework for launch licensing, safety, and liability• Export-control compliance, insurance, and mission assurance processes• Partnerships with experienced launch providers • Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost:Basic adaptation of existing facilities for small launchers• Ballpark: USD 50M–200M + OPEX USD 5M–10M/yr • Includes: site surveys and environmental studies, upgrading existing airstrips/coastal facilities for launch pads, ground support equipment, basic range safety systems, integration facilities, licensing and regulation setupFull-scale new spaceport for multiple vehicle classes• Ballpark: USD 200M–1B + OPEX USD 10M–50M/yr • Includes: site acquisition and civil works, construction of launch pads and integration hangars, propellant storage and handling systems, mission control centres, range safety and tracking systems, ground transport/logistics, environmental and community programmes, long-term international partnershipsTimeframe: Basic facility adaptation• Overall 36–72 mo• Phase: feasibility & site studies (6–12 mo), regulatory and partnership agreements (6–12 mo), construction/upgrades (18–36 mo), commissioning & first launches (6–12 mo)Full-scale new spaceport• Overall 72–144 mo• Phase: feasibility & master planning (12–24 mo), international partnerships & financing (12–24 mo), major construction (36–60 mo), commissioning & operations (12–24 mo)Pros:• Strategic Location - Proximity to the equator or other advantageous geographic features can enable more efficient launch trajectories, particularly for missions targeting geostationary orbits.• Economic Potential - Launch site development and operations can drive regional economic growth, generate employment, and contribute to a nation's positioning in the global space economy.• International Collaboration - Bilateral and multilateral agreements can facilitate partnerships with international aerospace stakeholders, fostering technology transfer, investment, and capacity building.Considerations:• Social Impact Considerations - The development of space infrastructure can affect local communities, including issues related to land use, displacement, and the need for inclusive stakeholder engagement.• Financial Sustainability - High capital and operational costs, along with historical project delays or cancellations, can pose challenges to long-term viability and investor confidence.• Safety and Risk Management - The inherent risk of launch operations underscores the importance of robust safety protocols, infrastructure resilience, and emergency preparedness.
Nigeria
Develop a spaceport by taking advantage of potential geographical advantages - Nigeria
The Turkish and Somali governments are partnering to develop a rocket launch facility on Somalia’s coast, with construction reportedly nearing completion as of 2025. This collaboration reflects Türkiye’s growing space ambitions and Somalia’s interest in leveraging strategic geography for economic and technological development. The spaceport is expected to support both national and commercial missions, positioning the region as a new player in the global launch marketPrerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for access to space• Technical and engineering capabilities for operation of launchsite• Ground infrastructure (engine test stands, labs, propellant facilities, AIT facilities, clean rooms, etc.)• Suitable space for launches, ideally a coastal or desert location with clear range over uninhabited areas and testing and range facilities (or agreements to use partner facilities)• Clear regulatory framework for launch licensing, safety, and liability• Export-control compliance, insurance, and mission assurance processes• Partnerships with experienced launch providers • Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost: • Ballpark: USD 10M–500M• Includes: site selection and feasibility studies, environmental and safety assessments, design and regulatory framework, construction of launch pads/runways and support facilities, fueling and storage, mission control and safety systems, testing and certificationTimeframe: • Overall: 48–96 mo• Phases: scoping (12–18 mo), design/procurement (12–18 mo) , integration/construction (24–36 mo), testing/certification (6–12 mo), operations (ongoing)Pros:• Sovereign Access to Space – Spaceports may reduce dependency on foreign launch infrastructure, enabling national security and economic autonomy.• Geographical Advantage – States may leverage strategic locations (e.g., near the equator or for polar orbits) to improve fuel efficiency and payload capacity.• Economic Growth – Spaceports may boost local economies through infrastructure investment, skilled job creation, and tourism.• Private Sector Innovation – Stakeholders can encourage cost-effective and rapid infrastructure development through commercial practices.• International Competitiveness – Owning a spaceport may position the nation as a global player in the launch services market.• Custom Launch Cadence – Access to space allows for flexible launch scheduling without competition for slots at shared facilities.Considerations:• High Capital Expenditure – Spaceports require substantial upfront investment for infrastructure, permitting, and operational setup.• Regulatory Complexity – Navigating national licensing, safety oversight, and environmental compliance can be administratively burdensome.• Environmental and Indigenous Considerations – Spaceports demand engagement with ecological assessments and local or indigenous stakeholders, adding layers of consultation and approval.• Extended Development Timelines – Long lead times, from site selection to operational readiness, often exceed three years.• Market Volatility – Spaceports may face uncertain launch demand and commercial risks, including delays, insurance costs, and fluctuating customer interest.• Security and Liability Constraints – Spaceports must comply with stringent national and international legal frameworks, including liability regimes and security protocols.
Türkiye, Somalia
Form partnerships to develop and access launch site/spaceport - Somalia and Türkiye
France is leveraging SSA for defence and security purposes through the initiative called Toutatis. This programme is a collaboration between the French Defence Innovation Agency (DGA), the Directorate General of Armaments, the startup U-Space, and missile manufacturer MBDA.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for utilising SSA data for services • Understand national policies and identify national policies that utilise SSA data• Identify and build relationships with relevant ministries, local companies, and other stakeholders to gather comprehensive data on existing SSA data usage in the nation• Inter-ministerial working group• Partner support as neededCost: • Ballpark: USD 10k–20k • Includes: literature review, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationNote: A complete study would range from USD 50k-250k and include multiple activities such as determining the relevance of the domain, identification of existing data sources, developing use cases, and a capability maturity assessment) Timeframe: • Overall: 6–12 mo• Phase: scoping (1–2 mo), consultation (2–4 mo), drafting (2–4 mo), validation (1–2 mo)Pros:• Consistency - Ensure policy consistency and facilitate government support.• Resource Efficiency - Allow for efficient resource utilisation and maximize the impact of investments.Considerations:• Articulation - May require collaboration with a variety of stakeholders, including government agencies, industry leaders, and academic institutions.
France
Determine the extent to which this domain is relevant to your national priorities/needs - France
Thailand's Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Perigee Aerospace, a South Korean space startup developing launch vehicles in 2024. This agreement promises cooperation to strengthen Thailand's space infrastructure capabilities.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for access to space• Technical and engineering capabilities for operation of launchsite• Ground infrastructure (engine test stands, labs, propellant facilities, AIT facilities, clean rooms, etc.)• Suitable space for launches, ideally a coastal or desert location with clear range over uninhabited areas and testing and range facilities (or agreements to use partner facilities)• Clear regulatory framework for launch licensing, safety, and liability• Export-control compliance, insurance, and mission assurance processes• Partnerships with experienced launch providers • Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost: N/ALite partnerships such as joint R&D, co-funded prototypes• Ballpark: USD 10M–100M• Includes: partnership agreements and PPP frameworks, joint technology development (propulsion, avionics, materials), co-funded prototype rockets, shared test facilities, training and workforce exchangesFull launcher co-development• Ballpark: USD 100M–500M• Includes: co-development of full small-satellite launch vehicle, shared investment in AIT (assembly, integration & testing facilities, engine test stands, launch pad construction or adaptation, mission control systems, co-marketing of launch servicesTimeframe:Lite partnerships• Overall: 24–48 mo• Phase: partnership scoping & agreements (6–12 mo), joint R&D and prototyping (12–24 mo), subscale launches & testing (12 mo)Full launcher co-development• Overall: 60–120 mo• Phase: feasibility & design (12–18 mo), infrastructure build (12–24 mo), full vehicle development & qualification (24–36 mo), first commercial launches (12–24 mo)Pros:• Technological Advancement - Accelerate the development of domestic aerospace technologies.• Economic Growth - Stimulate the economy through job creation and the growth of high-tech industries.• Strategic Autonomy - Reduce reliance on foreign launch services, enhancing national security and independence.International Standing - Elevate Thailand's position in the global space community.Considerations:• High Initial Investment - Capabilities require significant upfront costs with long-term return on investment.• Technical Challenges - Developing reliable launch systems involves complex engineering and potential risks.• Market Competition - Competing with established international launch providers may be challenging.
Thailand
Collaborate with commercial entities with high technology capabilities to develop launchers - Thailand
The New Zealand Government, under the Outer Space and High-altitude Activities Act (2017), authorized Rocket Lab to operate as a local commercial launch provider. The New Zealand Space Agency (NZSA) oversees licensing and ensures compliance with international obligations, including the UN space treaties.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for access to space• Technical and engineering capabilities for operation of launchsite• Ground infrastructure (engine test stands, labs, propellant facilities, AIT facilities, clean rooms, etc.)• Suitable space for launches, ideally a coastal or desert location with clear range over uninhabited areas and testing and range facilities (or agreements to use partner facilities)• Clear regulatory framework for launch licensing, safety, and liability• Export-control compliance, insurance, and mission assurance processes• Partnerships with experienced launch providers • Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost: • Ballpark: USD 10–100M +OPEX 1-5M/yr• Includes: partnership agreements, site adaptation or limited infrastructure upgrades (pads, safety zones, fueling/storage), regulatory and licensing framework, mission control and tracking upgrades, staff training, demonstration launch campaign, ongoing site maintenance, safety/security, staff salaries, regulatory compliance, coordination with international operators, supporting regular launch campaignsTimeframe: • Overall: 36–72 mo• Phases: scoping/partnership negotiation (6–12 mo), design/regulatory setup (9–15 mo), infrastructure adaptation/integration (18–30 mo), test/demo launches (6–15 mo), operations (ongoing with OPEX)Pros:• Infrastructure Revitalization - Strengthen national space infrastructure and modernizes launch capabilities.• Talent and Capacity Building - Promote development of local expertise and technical workforce in the space sector.• Regional Economic Development - Create new economic opportunities and supports growth in underdeveloped or remote regions.• Global Market Positioning - Establish the nation as a competitive player in the global small satellite launch industry.Considerations:• High Initial Investment - Launch capabilities often require substantial public and private funding with uncertain return on investment.• Regulatory Complexity - Navigating export controls, liability frameworks, and insurance requirements can be politically and legally sensitive.• Market Competition - New actors may face strong competition from established launch providers.• Environmental & Social Impact - Activities may cause local disruption or conflict with nearby communities, including indigenous populations.• Dependence on Foreign Technology - Partnerships may rely on external suppliers for critical launch systems, propulsion, or safety infrastructure.
New Zealand
Form partnerships with launch operators for launch from local territory - New Zealand
SABIA-Mar (Argentine-Brazilian Satellites for Environmental Information of the Sea) is a planned dual satellite mission jointly operated by the Argentine and Brazilian Space Agencies, CONAE and AEB. The launch is planned for 2025. The two Sun-synchronous satellites will obtain time-based data of the oceanic biosphere and its response to human activity, as well as to help researchers develop marine prediction and management systems.Prerequisites:• Capability to process EO data• Procurement pathway• Partner support as needed• Data policy (open by default preferred)• Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planning• Identification of common needs with partners, identification of capabilities of different partners,• Spectrum policy & coordination with telecom regulator; ITU procedures where applicable• Lead agency & budgetCost: • Ballpark: USD 20-300M (program setup; varies widely, shared among partners)• Includes: feasibility and scoping studies, intergovernmental agreements and governance setup, satellite procurement and payload definition, launch and insurance, shared ground segment development, data-sharing and access systems, training and joint operationsTimeframe:• Overall: 12–24 months• Phase: partnership agreements & procurement contract (3–6 mo), manufacturing, integration & testing (6-12 mo),launch & commissioning (3–6 mo)Pros:• Leveraging Open Resources - Partnerships may enable access to EO capabilities at a lower cost.• Driving Cooperation - Space projects may foster international collaboration.Considerations:• Dependency - Partnerships may require reliance on external providers.• Security - Partnerships may introduce potential privacy and security concerns.
Argentina, Brazil
Partnerships with nations in region to procure EO satellites - Argentina and Brazil
The Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data supported Guinea, Mali, Somalia, Suriname, and Togo increases proficiency in using Earth Observation data for decision-making through a systems-based approach.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for utilising EO technologies for services • Understand national policies and identify national policies that utilise EO data• Identify and build relationships with stakeholders involved in policy implementation• Access to EO data, data processing and analysis capabilitiesCost: • Ballpark: USD 20k–250k• Includes: literature review and baseline study, stakeholder consultations report drafting and validation, legal review, parliamentary passage/decrees if neededTimeframe:• Overall: 12–24 mo• Phase: scoping & consultations (3–6 mo), draft policy/legal review (4–8 mo), approval & adoption (5–10 mo)Pros: • Policy Coherence - Supporting existing policies increases chances of securing funding and support, fostering project implementation.Considerations:• Timeline - The process of supporting and actually implementing national policies takes time.• Articulation - Coordinating efforts across various stakeholders such as governmental departments can be complex.
Africa
Align to support existing national policies - Africa
The Departments of Communications and Digital Technologies (DCDT) and Science, Technology, and Innovation (DSTI), alongside state entities Sentech and the South African National Space Agency (SANSA), have formulated a National Communication Satellite Strategy with the aim of addressing national priorities such as supporting digital transformation, and addressing the significant digital divide between urban and rural areas.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for utilising SatCom technologies for services • Understand national policies and identify national policies that utilise SatCom data• Identify and build relationships with relevant ministries, local companies, and other stakeholders to gather comprehensive data on existing SatCom usage in the nation• Inter-ministerial working group• Partner support as neededCost: • Ballpark: USD 10k–20k • Includes: literature review, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationNote: A complete study would range from USD 50k-250k and include multiple activities such as determining the relevance of the domain, identification of existing data sources, developing use cases, and a capability maturity assessment) Timeframe: • Overall: 6–12 mo• Phase: scoping (1–2 mo), consultation (2–4 mo), drafting (2–4 mo), validation (1–2 mo)Pros:• Policy Alignment - Ensure policy consistency and facilitate government support..• Investment Efficiency - Allow for efficient resource utilization, maximizing the impact of investments.Considerations: • Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration - Engage a diverse range of stakeholders—including government agencies, industry leaders, and academic institutions—to drive comprehensive outcomes.
South Africa
Determine the extent to which this domain is relevant to your national priorities and needs - South Africa
Philippine company Orbits Corp has announced a partnership with US-based communications satellite operator Astranis to bring the first-ever dedicated internet satellite to the Philippines. The satellite is expected to provide sufficient bandwidth to connect up to two million people across more than 5,000 remote and rural communities. Orbits Corp is the sister company of HTechCorp, which has been delivering internet services across the Philippines for over 20 years.Prerequisites:• Identification of common needs with partners, identification of capabilities of different partners• Business case development• Spectrum policy & coordination with telecom regulator; ITU procedures where applicable• Procurement pathway• Partner support as needed• Cybersecurity, data protection, and continuity planningCost:Smaller Scale (Capacity Building / Partial GEO Services)• Ballpark: USD 50M–250M• Includes: outsourcing to integrators for partial GEO capabilities (e.g., hosted payloads, communications transponders, or shared satellite buses), procurement of ground segment equipment, limited launch services, staff training, and operational support contractsFlagship GEO Satellite System (Full Capability)• Ballpark: USD 250M–1B• Includes: full end-to-end GEO satellite programme (bus, payload, ground segment, launch services, insurance, operations), long-term service agreements, workforce training, national mission operations centreTimeframe: Smaller Scale (Capacity Building / Partial GEO Services)• Overall: 36–72 mo• Phases: scoping/requirements definition (6–12 mo), design/procurement (12–18 mo), integration/testing (12–18 mo), launch/operations (6–24 mo)Flagship GEO Satellite System (Full Capability)• Overall: 60–120 mo• Phases: scoping/financing & RFP (12–18 mo), design/procurement (18–24 mo), satellite integration/testing (24–36 mo), launch & in-orbit testing (6–12 mo), operations (ongoing, 10–15 year lifespan)Pros:• Rapid Technology Integration - Systems integrators eliminate the need to develop new technology or systems from scratch, enabling rapid technology integration.• Proven Reliability - Established integrators reduce risk as the technology is already demonstrated and used.• Cost-Effective Alternative - Partnerships lower cost compared to the complete procurement of a large GEO satellite.• Nation-Specific Customization - Nations can tailors the architecture to meet their needs.Considerations:• Limited Knowledge Transfer - Procurement limits technology transfer and capacity building when procuring connectivity services, as some information may remain a black box.• High Upfront Costs - Contracts may require high initial investment costs.
Philippines
Contract systems integrator - Philippines
Determining the relevancy of Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) capabilities involves identifying national priorities and needs, such as disaster management and environmental monitoring. It then requires evaluating current challenges that PNT can address and investing in technologies to meet these needs. The UK government commissioned a study to understand the links between PNT and the dependency of other sectors on this satellite-derived technology.Prerequisites:• Institutional & political interest and support for utilising PNT technologies for services • Understand national policies and identify national policies that utilise PNT data• Identify and build relationships with relevant ministries, local companies, and other stakeholders to gather comprehensive data on existing PNT usage in the nation• Inter-ministerial working group• Partner support as neededCost: • Ballpark: USD 10k–20k • Includes: literature review, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationNote: A complete study would range from USD 50k-250k and include multiple activities such as determining the relevance of the domain, identification of existing data sources, developing use cases, and a capability maturity assessment) Timeframe: • Overall: 6–12 mo• Phase: scoping (1–2 mo), consultation (2–4 mo), drafting (2–4 mo), validation (1–2 mo)Pros:• Policy Alignment - Ensure policy consistency and facilitate government support.• Investment Efficiency - Allow for efficient resource utilization, maximizing the impact of investments.Considerations:• Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration - Identifying needs may require potential collaboration with a variety of stakeholders, including government agencies, industry leaders, and academic institutions.
United Kingdom
Determine the extent to which this domain is relevant to your national priorities/needs - UK
The European Space Agency (ESA)’s Navigation Innovation and Support Program (NAVISP) is a key enabler for innovation and competitiveness and a strategic tool of ESA to support and develop the overall European positioning, navigation and timing landscape. NAVISP is structured into three programmatic elements, each targeting different aspects of the PNT ecosystem. NAVISP aims to cultivate competitive industrial capacities while pioneering the advancement of novel technologies to augment, supplement and even replace current PNT systems.Prerequisites: • Understand PNT needs cross sectorally in the nation/region• Evaluate current technological capabilities and identify areas that require development.• Procurement pathway• Partner support as neededCost:• Ballpark: USD 50k–250k• Includes: literature review and baseline study, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationTimeframe: • Overall: 12–24 mo• Phase: scoping & consultations (3–6 mo), draft policy/legal review (4–8 mo), approval & adoption (5–10 mo)Pros:• Budget Efficiency - Redistribution leverages the existing budget while allowing for efficient allocation of funds.Considerations:• Expert Involvement - Activities need to involve experts and relevant stakeholders, which can be time consuming.
Europe
Define and prioritise PNT activities in your space budget - ESA Member States
Horizon 2020 (2014-2020) and its successor Horizon Europe (2021-2027) are the EU’s flagship research and innovation programmes. They provide competitive funding through open calls for proposals. Both programs support PNT through:• Space and Transport Clusters: Funding GNSS-based services, Galileo and EGNOS applications, and resilient navigation systems;• Digital and Security Priorities: Enabling secure, hybrid, and AI-enhanced PNT for critical infrastructure, autonomous mobility, and smart cities;• Strategic Autonomy: Reinforcing Europe’s independence in navigation technologies and services.Prerequisites: • Understand PNT needs cross sectorally in the nation/region• Evaluate current technological capabilities and identify areas that require development.• Procurement pathway• Partner support as neededCost:• Ballpark: USD 50k–250k• Includes: literature review and baseline study, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationTimeframe: • Overall: 12–24 mo• Phase: scoping & consultations (3–6 mo), draft policy/legal review (4–8 mo), approval & adoption (5–10 mo)Pros:• Budget Efficiency - Redistribution leverages the existing budget while allowing for efficient allocation of funds.Considerations:• Expert Involvement - Activities need to involve experts and relevant stakeholders, which can be time consuming.
Europe
Define and prioritise PNT activities in your space budget - Europe
The Survey on PNT Infrastructure and Technologies in Africa, commissioned by the African Union Commission (AUC), was conducted to assess the continent’s capabilities and gaps in PNT services. This initiative is part of the broader objectives of the Satellite Navigation Africa Support Programme IV, implemented through the SATNAV Africa Joint Programme Office (JPO). The programme’s key goal is to support the operationalisation of the African Space Agency by strengthening Africa’s GNSS and PNT ecosystem through targeted assessments, stakeholder engagement, and strategic planning.Prerequisites: • Institutional & political interest and support for utilising PNT technologies for services • Understand national policies and identify national policies that utilise PNT data• Identify and build relationships with relevant ministries, local companies, and other stakeholders to gather comprehensive data on existing PNT usage in the nation• Inter-ministerial working group• Partner support as neededCost: • Ballpark: USD 10k–20k • Includes: literature review, stakeholder consultations, expert advisory, report drafting and validationNote: A complete study would range from USD 50k-250k and include multiple activities such as determining the relevance of the domain, identification of existing data sources, developing use cases, and a capability maturity assessment) Timeframe: • Overall: 6–12 mo• Phase: scoping (1–2 mo), consultation (2–4 mo), drafting (2–4 mo), validation (1–2 mo)Pros:• Resource Efficiency - Allows to leverage current resources more effectively, reducing waste and maximizing utility.• Cost Effectiveness - Avoids duplication of efforts and investments, reducing unnecessary expenditures and maximizing the value of urgent assets.Considerations:• Stakeholder Alignment - Aligning multiple stakeholders with diverse interests can be complex and time-consuming, potentially slowing down progress.
Africa
Identify existing source of data and infrastructure being used - Africa
European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service, Version 3 (EGNOS V3) is an advanced system that augments signals from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), such as Galileo and GPS, to provide highly accurate and secure positioning data. Through a strategic partnership between the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar (ASECNA), EGNOS V3 is being implemented across more than 16.5 million square kilometres, covering countries in West, Central, and Southern Africa, as well as Madagascar and parts of the Indian Ocean.The deployment of EGNOS V3 enables the provision of precise and stable location information in challenging environments like mountainous regions and remote islands. This significantly improves the safety and efficiency of air navigation, while also benefiting other sectors like agriculture, maritime transport, and land surveying. The system is expected to enter initial operational service in 2025.Prerequisites:• International relationship with a nation that owns GNSS system/data and access to cooperation frameworks with GNSS provider nations• Regulatory clearance for use of external PNT signals• Technical expertise for system integration and operationsCost: • Ballpark: USD 100k–500k• Includes: technical assessment of available GNSS signals and augmentation services, procurement of receiver equipment and reference stations, integration with national systems, licensing and compliance checks, training of operators and engineers, documentation and reportingTimeframe: • Overall: 12–24 mo• Phase: scoping & technical assessment (2–4 mo), equipment procurement & installation (4–8 mo), integration & testing (3–6 mo), training & operationalization (3–6 mo)Pros:• Cost Efficiency - Utilize existing infrastructure to minimize the need for substantial capital investment,• Technology Exchange - Enable opportunities for skill development and knowledge transfer.• Integration - Enable regional integration as well as the strengthen of diplomatic and technological ties.Considerations:• Data Security - The use of external systems may necessitate navigating data sovereignty and security requirements.• Reliance on Foreign Systems - Local PNT systems mitigate risks associated with potential future restrictions on access to foreign systems.
Europe, Africa
Utilise PNT data from other nations to enhance local PNT system - Europe and Africa
The UK and France have renewed cooperation to bolster PNT resilience, including work on eLoran, signal jamming resistance, tech research & infrastructure improvements.Prerequisites:• Identify and build relationships with international partners• Lead agency & budget• Procurement pathway• Partner support as neededCost:• Ballpark: USD 100K-1M• Includes: bilateral or multilateral agreements, joint research projects, calls for proposals and administrationTimeframe:• Overall: 24–48 mo• Phase: Partnership setup (6–12 mo), Projects implementation (12–30 mo), Evaluation (6–6 moPros:• Cost-sharing - Reduces the financial burden on individual nations by pooling resources.• Access to expertise - Partners gain exposure to advanced technical knowledge, labs, and testing facilities they may not have domestically.• Regional interoperability - Jointly developed PNT solutions are more likely to be interoperable across borders, supporting aviation, maritime, and transport sectors.• Political credibility - Demonstrates international cooperation, raising national profile and credibility in global forums (ICAO, ITU, IMO).• Capacity building - Provides opportunities for joint training, researcher exchanges, and skill development across partner nations.• Shared risk - Distributes the risks of research failure, technical delays, or budget overruns.Considerations:• Coordination complexity - Aligning multiple governments’ funding cycles, priorities, and regulations can cause delays.• Unequal contributions - Risk of tension if one partner contributes more funding while another contributes less but receives equal benefits.• IP and data rights issues - Disputes may arise over intellectual property, data access, and commercial exploitation of results.• Dependence on partners - Future continuity may depend on sustained political will in partner nations; if one drops out, the initiative could stall.• Longer timelines - Multinational projects often take longer due to negotiations and consensus-building, even for smaller-scale research.
United Kingdom, France
Launch co-funding initiatives - UK and France

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