The Kilo Apron Development Substructure is Heathrow Airport’s largest and most complex civil project of the past 10 years. To prioritize sustainability, since 2017 the project incorporated various innovative technologies and techniques, including drones, hydro-treated vegetable oil (HVO), hybrid excavators, low-carbon concrete, design for manufacture and assembly, and three-dimensional building information modelling. This helped achieve a 67% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions and a 63% reduction in Scope 3 emissions.